Nicholas Roerich - Revision history

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	[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]		[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]
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	[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]		[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]
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Cultural legacy

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	==Cultural legacy==		==Cultural legacy==
	[[Image:Minor planet 4426 Roerich.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|Minor planet 4426 Roerich in Solar System]]		[[Image:Minor planet 4426 Roerich.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|Minor planet 4426 Roerich in Solar System]]
	Vice President of the United States Henry A. Wallace was a frequent correspondent and sometime follower of Roerich's teachings. This became controversial when Wallace ran for President in 1948 and portions of the correspondence were printed by Hearst Newspapers columnist Westbrook Pegler, becoming known as the "'''Guru Letters'''".(citation needed\|date=June 2013)		Vice President of the United States [[Theosophy Henry A. Wallace \| Henry A. Wallace]] was a frequent correspondent and sometime follower of Roerich's teachings. This became controversial when [[Theosophy Henry A. Wallace \| Wallace]] ran for President in 1948 and portions of the correspondence were printed by Hearst Newspapers columnist Westbrook Pegler, becoming known as the "'''Guru Letters'''".(citation needed\|date=June 2013)

	Today, the Nicholas Roerich Museum in New York City is a major center for Roerich's artistic work. Numerous Roerich societies continue to promote his theosophical teachings worldwide. His paintings can be seen in several museums including the Roerich Department of the State Museum of Oriental Arts in Moscow; the Roerich Museum at the International Centre of the Roerichs in Moscow; the Russian State Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia; a collection in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow; a collection in the Art Museum in Novosibirsk, Russia; an important collection in the National Gallery for Foreign Art in Sofia, Bulgaria; a collection in the Art Museum in Nizhny Novgorod], Russia; the Roerich Hall Estate in Nagar village, Kullu Valley, Himachal-Pradesh (India); in various art museums in India; and a selection featuring several of his larger works in The Latvian National Museum of Art.		Today, the Nicholas Roerich Museum in New York City is a major center for Roerich's artistic work. Numerous Roerich societies continue to promote his theosophical teachings worldwide. His paintings can be seen in several museums including the Roerich Department of the State Museum of Oriental Arts in Moscow; the Roerich Museum at the International Centre of the Roerichs in Moscow; the Russian State Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia; a collection in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow; a collection in the Art Museum in Novosibirsk, Russia; an important collection in the National Gallery for Foreign Art in Sofia, Bulgaria; a collection in the Art Museum in Nizhny Novgorod], Russia; the Roerich Hall Estate in Nagar village, Kullu Valley, Himachal-Pradesh (India); in various art museums in India; and a selection featuring several of his larger works in The Latvian National Museum of Art.

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	==Crédits==		==Crédits==
	* Nicholas Roerich. (2024, September 26). ''Theosophy Wiki''. Retrieved 00:08, January 30, 2025 from https://theosophy.wiki/w-en/index.php?title=Nicholas_Roerich&oldid=54496.		* Nicholas Roerich. (2024, September 26). ''Theosophy Wiki''. Retrieved 00:08, January 30, 2025 from https://theosophy.wiki/w-en/index.php?title=Nicholas_Roerich&oldid=54496.
			==License==
			*''Copyright'' © '''Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License'''; additional terms may apply.
	[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]		[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]
	[[zh:尼古拉斯·洛里奇]]		[[zh:尼古拉斯·洛里奇]]

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	* Nicholas Roerich. (2024, September 26). ''Theosophy Wiki''. Retrieved 00:08, January 30, 2025 from https://theosophy.wiki/w-en/index.php?title=Nicholas_Roerich&oldid=54496.		* Nicholas Roerich. (2024, September 26). ''Theosophy Wiki''. Retrieved 00:08, January 30, 2025 from https://theosophy.wiki/w-en/index.php?title=Nicholas_Roerich&oldid=54496.

	[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]]		[[Category:Famous Rosicrucians]] [[Category:Nicholas Roerich]]
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Biography

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	==Biography==		==Biography==
	~~<br>~~
	===Early life===		===Early life===

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	During the 1900s (decade) and early 1910s, Roerich, largely due to the influence of his wife Helena, developed an interest in eastern religions, as well as alternative (to Christianity) belief systems such as Theosophy. Both Roerichs became avid readers of the Vedantist essays of Ramakrishna and Vivekananda, the poetry of Rabindranath Tagore, and the ''Bhagavad Gita''. The Roerichs' commitment to occult mysticism steadily increased. It was brought to a new pitch during World War I and the Russian revolutions of 1917, to which the couple, like many Russian intellectuals, attached apocalyptic significance. The influence of Theosophy, Vedanta, Buddhism, and other mystical strains of thought can be seen not only in many of his paintings, but in the many short stories and poems Roerich wrote before and after the 1917 revolutions, including the ''Flowers of Morya'' cycle, begun in 1907 and completed in 1921.		During the 1900s (decade) and early 1910s, Roerich, largely due to the influence of his wife Helena, developed an interest in eastern religions, as well as alternative (to Christianity) belief systems such as Theosophy. Both Roerichs became avid readers of the Vedantist essays of Ramakrishna and Vivekananda, the poetry of Rabindranath Tagore, and the ''Bhagavad Gita''. The Roerichs' commitment to occult mysticism steadily increased. It was brought to a new pitch during World War I and the Russian revolutions of 1917, to which the couple, like many Russian intellectuals, attached apocalyptic significance. The influence of Theosophy, Vedanta, Buddhism, and other mystical strains of thought can be seen not only in many of his paintings, but in the many short stories and poems Roerich wrote before and after the 1917 revolutions, including the ''Flowers of Morya'' cycle, begun in 1907 and completed in 1921.
	~~<br>~~
	~~<br>~~

	===Revolution, emigration, and the United States===		===Revolution, emigration, and the United States===
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	They settled in New York City, which became the base of their many American operations. The Roerichs founded several institutions during these years: ''Cor Ardens'' and ''Corona Mundi'', both of which were meant to unite artists around the globe in the cause of civic activism; the Master Institute of United Arts, an art school with an exceptionally versatile curriculum, and the eventual home of the first Nicholas Roerich Museum; and an American Agni Yoga Society. They also joined various theosophical societies, and their activities in these groups dominated their lives.		They settled in New York City, which became the base of their many American operations. The Roerichs founded several institutions during these years: ''Cor Ardens'' and ''Corona Mundi'', both of which were meant to unite artists around the globe in the cause of civic activism; the Master Institute of United Arts, an art school with an exceptionally versatile curriculum, and the eventual home of the first Nicholas Roerich Museum; and an American Agni Yoga Society. They also joined various theosophical societies, and their activities in these groups dominated their lives.

	~~<br>~~

	===Asian Expedition (1925–1929)===		===Asian Expedition (1925–1929)===
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	In 1929 Nicholas Roerich was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by the University of Paris.<ref>Roerich Nominated for Peace Award - [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0911F8385A127A93C1A91788D85F4D8285F9 \| New York Times] - March 3, 1929 - Web access 2009-02-03</ref> He received two more nominations in 1932 and 1935.<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nomination/peace/nomination.php?string=Nicholas+Roerich&action=simplesearch&submit.x=0&submit.y=0 Nomination database<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> His concern for peace led to his creation of the Pax Cultura, the "Red Cross" of art and culture. His work in this area also led the United States and the twenty other members of the Pan-American Union to sign the Roerich Pact on April 15, 1935 at the White House. The Roerich Pact is an early international instrument protecting cultural property.		In 1929 Nicholas Roerich was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by the University of Paris.<ref>Roerich Nominated for Peace Award - [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0911F8385A127A93C1A91788D85F4D8285F9 \| New York Times] - March 3, 1929 - Web access 2009-02-03</ref> He received two more nominations in 1932 and 1935.<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nomination/peace/nomination.php?string=Nicholas+Roerich&action=simplesearch&submit.x=0&submit.y=0 Nomination database<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> His concern for peace led to his creation of the Pax Cultura, the "Red Cross" of art and culture. His work in this area also led the United States and the twenty other members of the Pan-American Union to sign the Roerich Pact on April 15, 1935 at the White House. The Roerich Pact is an early international instrument protecting cultural property.

	~~<br>~~

	===Manchurian expedition===		===Manchurian expedition===
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	The expedition consisted of two parts. The first itinerary included Khingan mountain ridge and Bargin plateau (1934); the second encompassed the Gobi desert, Ordos and Alashan (1935). These expeditions passed through a territory of Inner Mongolia located in northern and northeastern parts of modern-day China. As a result of the expedition, nearly 300 species of xerophytes were found, herbs were collected, archeological studies were conducted, and antique manuscripts of great scientific importance were found.		The expedition consisted of two parts. The first itinerary included Khingan mountain ridge and Bargin plateau (1934); the second encompassed the Gobi desert, Ordos and Alashan (1935). These expeditions passed through a territory of Inner Mongolia located in northern and northeastern parts of modern-day China. As a result of the expedition, nearly 300 species of xerophytes were found, herbs were collected, archeological studies were conducted, and antique manuscripts of great scientific importance were found.

	~~<br>~~
	===During World War II===		===During World War II===
	Roerich was in India during the Second World War, where he painted Russian epic heroic and saintly themes, including: ''Alexander Nevsky'', ''The Fight of Mstislav and Rededia'' and ''Boris and Gleb''.<ref name="Leek2005">Peter Leek. Russian Painting. [http://books.google.com/books?id=ePYhUnX4vgUC&pg=PA256 Google Books]. Web access 23 June 2013. - 2005. - Parkstone International. - p. 256.- ISBN 978-1-78042-975-5</ref>		Roerich was in India during the Second World War, where he painted Russian epic heroic and saintly themes, including: ''Alexander Nevsky'', ''The Fight of Mstislav and Rededia'' and ''Boris and Gleb''.<ref name="Leek2005">Peter Leek. Russian Painting. [http://books.google.com/books?id=ePYhUnX4vgUC&pg=PA256 Google Books]. Web access 23 June 2013. - 2005. - Parkstone International. - p. 256.- ISBN 978-1-78042-975-5</ref>

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	File:N Roerich - Monhegan Maine - Google Art Project.jpg\|''Monhegan, Maine''		File:N Roerich - Monhegan Maine - Google Art Project.jpg\|''Monhegan, Maine''
	File:N Roerich - The Messenger - Google Art Project.jpg\|''The Messenger''		File:N Roerich - The Messenger - Google Art Project.jpg\|''The Messenger''
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	* George de Roerich		* George de Roerich
	* Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov — President of International Centre of the Roerichs (Moscow)		* Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov — President of International Centre of the Roerichs (Moscow)
	* Henry A. Wallace		* [[Theosophy Henry A. Wallace \| Henry A. Wallace]]
	* 4426 Roerich — Minor planet in Solar System		* 4426 Roerich — Minor planet in Solar System

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	* '''''Leaves of Morya's Garden'''''. New York, 1923. Translated by Louis L. Horch. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b143358&view=1up&seq=5 Hathitrust].		* '''''Leaves of Morya's Garden'''''. New York, 1923. Translated by Louis L. Horch. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b143358&view=1up&seq=5 Hathitrust].
	* '''''Himalaya: a Monograph'''''. New York: Brentano's 1926. Articles by Frances R. Grant, Mary Siegrist, George Grebenstchikoff, Ivan Narodny, and "Banners of the East", by Nicholas Roerich, with 24 color-plates and 78 halftones.		* '''''Himalaya: a Monograph'''''. New York: Brentano's 1926. Articles by Frances R. Grant, Mary Siegrist, George Grebenstchikoff, Ivan Narodny, and "Banners of the East", by Nicholas Roerich, with 24 color-plates and 78 halftones.
	* '''''Altai--Himalaya; a Travel Diary'''''. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1929. Altai-Himalaya. Introduction by Claude Bragdon.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Altai-Himalaya.%20London.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''Altai-Himalaya; a Travel Diary'''''. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1929. Altai-Himalaya. Introduction by Claude Bragdon.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Altai-Himalaya.%20London.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Flame in Chalice'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Songs and sagas, Book 1; translated by Mary Siegrist.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Flame%20in%20Chalice.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''Flame in Chalice'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Songs and sagas, Book 1; translated by Mary Siegrist.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Flame%20in%20Chalice.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Heart of Asia: Memoirs from the Himalayas'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b49163&view=1up&seq=8 Hathitrust].		* '''''Heart of Asia: Memoirs from the Himalayas'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b49163&view=1up&seq=8 Hathitrust].
	* '''''Shambhala'''''. New York, Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1930. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Shambhala.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''Shambhala'''''. New York, Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1930. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Shambhala.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Realm of Light'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1931.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1931%20-%20N.%20Roerich.%20Realm%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''Realm of Light'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1931.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1931%20-%20N.%20Roerich.%20Realm%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]
			* '''''Maitreya'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1932. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1932%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Maitreya.pdf (PDF)]
			* '''''To the Woman's Heart'''''. New York: Woman's Unity of Roerich Museum, 1933. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1933%20-%20N.Roerich.%20To%20The%20Woman%27s%20Heart.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Fiery Stronghold'''''. Boston, MA: The Stratford Company, 1933. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1933%20-%20N.%20Roerich.%20Fiery%20Stronghold.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''Fiery Stronghold'''''. Boston, MA: The Stratford Company, 1933. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1933%20-%20N.%20Roerich.%20Fiery%20Stronghold.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''The Invincible'''''. New York: Nicholas Roerich Museum, 1974. Translation of Nerushimoe, 1936. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1947%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Himalyas%20-%20Abode%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''The Invincible'''''. New York: Nicholas Roerich Museum, 1974. Translation of Nerushimoe, 1936. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1947%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Himalyas%20-%20Abode%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]
			* '''''Beautiful Unity'''''. Bombay: The Youth's Art and Culture Circle, 1946. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1946%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Beautiful%20Unity.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Himalayas: Abode of Light'''''. Bombay: Nalanda Publications, 1947.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1947%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Himalyas%20-%20Abode%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]		* '''''Himalayas: Abode of Light'''''. Bombay: Nalanda Publications, 1947.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1947%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Himalyas%20-%20Abode%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]

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	* '''''The Nicolas Roerich Exhibition'''''. New York: Redfield-Kendrick-Odell, 1920.		* '''''The Nicolas Roerich Exhibition'''''. New York: Redfield-Kendrick-Odell, 1920.
	* '''''Adamant'''''. New York: Corona Mundi, 1923.		* '''''Adamant'''''. New York: Corona Mundi, 1923. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1924%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Adamant.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Leaves of Morya's Garden'''''. New York, 1923. Translated by Louis L. Horch. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b143358&view=1up&seq=5 Hathitrust].		* '''''Leaves of Morya's Garden'''''. New York, 1923. Translated by Louis L. Horch. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b143358&view=1up&seq=5 Hathitrust].
	* '''''Himalaya: a Monograph'''''. New York: Brentano's 1926. Articles by Frances R. Grant, Mary Siegrist, George Grebenstchikoff, Ivan Narodny, and "Banners of the East", by Nicholas Roerich, with 24 color-plates and 78 halftones.		* '''''Himalaya: a Monograph'''''. New York: Brentano's 1926. Articles by Frances R. Grant, Mary Siegrist, George Grebenstchikoff, Ivan Narodny, and "Banners of the East", by Nicholas Roerich, with 24 color-plates and 78 halftones.
	* '''''Altai--Himalaya; a Travel Diary'''''. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1929. Altai-Himalaya. Introduction by Claude Bragdon.		* '''''Altai--Himalaya; a Travel Diary'''''. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1929. Altai-Himalaya. Introduction by Claude Bragdon.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Altai-Himalaya.%20London.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Flame in Chalice'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Songs and sagas, Book 1; translated by Mary Siegrist.		* '''''Flame in Chalice'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Songs and sagas, Book 1; translated by Mary Siegrist.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Flame%20in%20Chalice.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Heart of Asia: Memoirs from the Himalayas'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b49163&view=1up&seq=8 Hathitrust].		* '''''Heart of Asia: Memoirs from the Himalayas'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1930. Available at [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b49163&view=1up&seq=8 Hathitrust].
	* '''''Shambhala'''''. New York, Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1930.		* '''''Shambhala'''''. New York, Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1930. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1930%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Shambhala.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Realm of Light'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1931.		* '''''Realm of Light'''''. New York: Roerich Museum Press, 1931.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1931%20-%20N.%20Roerich.%20Realm%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Fiery Stronghold'''''. Boston, MA: The Stratford Company, 1933.		* '''''Fiery Stronghold'''''. Boston, MA: The Stratford Company, 1933. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1933%20-%20N.%20Roerich.%20Fiery%20Stronghold.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''The Invincible'''''. New York: Nicholas Roerich Museum, 1974. Translation of Nerushimoe, 1936.		* '''''The Invincible'''''. New York: Nicholas Roerich Museum, 1974. Translation of Nerushimoe, 1936. [https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1947%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Himalyas%20-%20Abode%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]
	* '''''Himalayas: Abode of Light'''''. Bombay: Nalanda Publications, 1947.		* '''''Himalayas: Abode of Light'''''. Bombay: Nalanda Publications, 1947.[https://nrm.s3.amazonaws.com/website/archive/01_Nicholas_Roerich%27s_writings/1947%20-%20N.Roerich.%20Himalyas%20-%20Abode%20of%20Light.pdf (PDF)]

	In addition, Roerich contributed to these works:		In addition, Roerich contributed to these works: